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Macrophages are also affected by zinc deficiency, phagocytosis, intracellular killing and cytokine production

zinc reduces its effectiveness Thiazide diuretics : may increase urinary zinc losses Those with Wilson's disease , a genetic disorder causing copper accumulation, should avoid zinc supplements unless under specialist supervision, as zinc is sometimes used therapeutically in this condition but requires careful monitoring

Molecular cell biology 8, 139148, doi: 10.1038/nrm2106 (2007)

Herein, we review the major metabolic pathways available to immune cells, then focus more closely on the role of FAO in different immune cell subsets