methylation glutathione deficiency The cycle and synthesis pathway. Metabolites The epigenetic modification of DNA

Abbreviations AA: arachidonic acid AACT: acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase ACSL4: Acyl-CoA synthase long chain member 4 AdA: adrenal acid AHCYL1: adenosine homocysteine 1 CARS: cysteinyl- tRNA synthetase CBS: cystathionine--synthase CTH: cystathionine c-lyase DMT1: divalent metal transporter 1 FPN1: ferroportin 1 FPP: farnesyl pyrophosphate FSP1: ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 GPX4: glutathione peroxidase 4 GR: glutathione reductase GSH: glutathione HMG-CoA: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA HMGR: hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase HMGS: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthase IPP: isopentenyl pyrophosphate LOXs: lipoxygenases LPCAT3: lysophosphatidylcholine transferase 3 MAT1A/MAT2A: methionine adenosine transferase I/Ii MS: methionine synthetase MTs: methyltransferase MVA: mevalonic acid NCOA4: nuclear receptor coactivator 4 PC: phosphatidylcholine PE: phosphatidylethanolamine PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid ROS: reactive oxygen species SAH: s-adenosine homocysteine SAHH: S-adenosine homocysteine hydrolase SAM: S-adenosine methionine STEAP3: six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 Tf: transferrin TfR1: transferrin receptor 1 Declarations Acknowledgement None

10.1016/J.PAN.2019.01.012 4 AoyamaK.NakakiT

2) GPX4-independent ferroptosis suppressionFSP1CoQ10 pathway: Myristoylated ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), also known as apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondrial 2 (AIFM2), resides on the plasma membrane and functions as a CoQ10 reductase

T.ShulmanG