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Denaturating agents, such as urea or guanidinium hydrochloride may be used to solubilize peptides which tend to aggregate

In the solid state, an extended conformation is found, with a trans conformation at the amino end and a gauche conformation at the carboxyl end

When we measured initial rates at different pH values, we found that LacAnc100 activity dropped to 0.17% of its peak value when the pH was raised from 5.0 to 7.0

This includes the upregulation of ferritin heavy and light chain, ferroportin, transferrin receptor and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), alongside increased production of NADPH, GSH and CoQ10 (coenzyme Q10) which counter lipid peroxidation and suppress ferroptosis (66,67)